اثر مکمل‌یاری بتاآلانین و تمرین متداول تکواندو بر عملکرد بی‌هوازی و هوازی در زنان تکواندوکار تمرین‌کرده

دیانتی, الهه; رجبی, حمید; خالدی, ندا; امانی شلمزاری, صادق

doi:10.48308/joeppa.2024.234013.1209

اثر مکمل‌یاری بتاآلانین و تمرین متداول تکواندو بر عملکرد بی‌هوازی و هوازی در زنان تکواندوکار تمرین‌کرده

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

10.48308/joeppa.2024.234013.1209

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: مکمل بتاآلانین از پیش‌سازهای کارنوزین است و ممکن است با اثر تامپونی در بهبود عملکرد نقش داشته باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر یک دوره مکمل‌یاری بتاآلانین و تمرین متداول تکواندو بر عملکرد بی‌هوازی، هوازی و سوخت‌وساز سوبسترای فعالیت استقامتی در زنان تکواندوکار بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: 24 نفر از دختران تکواندوکار حرفه‌ای (میانگین و انحراف معیار سن 50/2 ± 0/18 سال) از استان تهران به‌صورت داوطلبانه در این تحقیق شرکت کردند. آزمودنی‌ها به دو گروه 12 نفری مکمل و دارونما بر اساس ارزیابی ترکیب بدن و سوابق تمرینی به‌صورت تصادفی تقسیم شدند. پیش‌آزمون‌ها شامل اندازه‌گیری آزمون اختصاصی هوازی (PSTT) شامل ضربات مکرر باندال تی‌چاگی با حداکثر قدرت تا زمان رسیدن به واماندگی به مدت زمان 15 دقیقه و آزمون بی‌هوازی تکواندو (FSKT) شامل پنج ست 10 ثانیه‌ای ضربات سرعتی باندال تی‌چاگی بود. همچنین سوخت‌وساز سوبسترای فعالیت استقامتی توسط گازآنالایزر سنجیده شد و فاکتورهای VCO2 ,VO2 و VO2Peak، HR و HR Peak ارزیابی شد. در حین و بلافاصله پس از اتمام آزمون میزان ادراک خستگی گرفته شد. همچنین سطح لاکتات خون با استفاده از لاکتومتر بعد از آزمون بی‌هوازی و هوازی سنجش شد. سپس روز بعد از پیش‌آزمون دریافت 28 روزة مکمل یا دارونما به مقدار پنج گرم در روز در ساعت‌های تعیین‌شده آغاز شد و بلافاصله پس از اتمام دوره آزمون‌های مربوطه مجدداً ارزیابی شد. برای مقایسة گروه‌ها از آزمون آنووای مکرر با عامل بین‌گروهی و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی با سطح معناداری 05/0 استفاده شد.
نتایج: تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه مکمل و دارونما در شاخص‌های عملکرد بی‌هوازی، هوازی و سوخت‌وساز سوبسترا وجود نداشت (05/0<P). با این حال، هر دو گروه (مکمل و دارونما)، در متغیرهای زمان واماندگی و تعداد مراحل رسیدن به واماندگی بهبود معنا‌داری را در پس‌آزمون نسبت به پیش‌آزمون نشان دادند، ولی این بهبودی در گروه مکمل نسبت به کنترل معنا‌دار بود (05/0>P).
نتیجه‌گیری: مکمل‌یاری بتاآلانین در طول دورة تحقیق تنها بر برخی از شاخص‌های عملکردی تأثیر داشت و احتمالاً در بلندمدت تأثیرات مشهودتری بر عملکرد ورزشکاران نخبه داشته باشد. اما این تأثیرات کم می‌تواند در ورزشکاران حرفه‌ای حائز اهمیت باشد، به هر حال برای نتیجه‌گیری قطعی، به تحقیقات بیشتری در این زمینه نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

تغذیه ورزشی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of beta-alanine supplementation and regular taekwondo training on anaerobic and aerobic performance in female taekwondo athletes

نویسندگان [English]

elaheh dianati
hamid rajabi
Nena Khaledi
Sadegh Amani shalamzari

Sports Physiology Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Beta-alanine supplement, which is a precursor of carnosine, may improve performance by providing a buffering effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of beta-alanine supplementation and regular Taekwondo training on anaerobic, aerobic, and endurance activity substrate metabolism in female Taekwondo athletes.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four female professional taekwondo practitioners (age, 18.0±2.5 years), from Tehran province volunteered to participate in this research. Based on the body composition and training history, the subjects were divided into two groups (n=12) of supplement and placebo. The pre-tests consisted of the an aerobic specific test (Progressive Specific Taekwondo Test, PSTT) including repeated strikes of Bandal-Tchagui to exhaustion time during a maximum duration of 15 minutes and a taekwondo anaerobic test (Frequency Speed of Kick Te, FSKT) including 5 sets of 10-second high-speed Bandal-Tchagui kicks with maximum strength. Furthermore, the substrate metabolism of the endurance activity was measured by a gas analyzer, and the VCO₂, VO₂, VO₂peak, HR, and HRpeak were measured. During and immediately after the test, the level of perception of fatigue was evaluated. Moreover, blood lactate levels were measured using a lactometer after the anaerobic and aerobic tests. After 28 days of receiving the supplement or placebo (5g/day) at the designated day times, the pre-test measurements were repeated. Repeated measures of ANOVA with between-group factor and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to compare the data.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two supplement and placebo groups for anaerobic capacity, aerobic capacity, and substrate metabolism (p<0.05). Although, both groups (supplement and placebo) showed significant improvements in the time to exhaustion and the number of steps to exhaustion in the post-test compared to the pre-test, these improvements were significantly higher in the supplement group compared to the placebo (p<0.05).
Conclusion: During the research period, beta-alanine supplementation had only an effect on some performance indicators and probably more pronounced effects on the performance of elite athletes would be seen in the long term. However, this little gain can be important in professional athletes, and more studies are needed in this field for a concrete conclusion.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Taekwondo-Specific Anaerobic Test
Taekwondo-Specific Aerobic Test
Fat Oxidation
Carbohydrate Oxidation
Beta-Alanine
Respiratory Exchange
Metabolism

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