اثر شش هفته فعالیت شنا بر سطوح پروتئین‌های مرتبط با میلین‌سازی بافت هیپوکمپ موش‌های صحرایی مدل مالتیپل اسکلروزیس

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: مالتیپل اسکلروزیس (MS) بیماری مزمن التهابی، خودایمنی و چندعللی است که کیفیت زندگی مبتلایان را تا حد چشمگیری کاهش می‌دهد. از آنجا که فعالیت بدنی ممکن است دارای فواید ضدالتهابی و حفاظت از آکسون در این بیماران باشد، ازاین‌رو هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی تأثیر فعالیت بدنی از نوع شنا بر محتوای برخی از پروتئین‌های مؤثر در میلین‌سازی بافت هیپوکمپ موش‌های صحرایی مبتلا به بیماری MS القاشده با کوپریزون است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق 20 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار با میانگین سن 12 هفته و وزن 14±230 گرم خریداری و به چهار گروه کنترل سالم، کنترل بیمار، سالم تمرین و تمرین بیمار تقسیم شدند. مدل بیماری MS با استفاده از غذای حاوی کوپریزون 5/0 درصد در تمام 12 هفته طول پروتکل تحقیق ایجاد شد. پس از تأیید القای MS از طریق آزمون روتارود، پروتکل شنا به مدت شش هفته انجام گرفت. بدین‌صورت که در هفتة اول 10 دقیقه فعالیت شنا را بدون اعمال بار انجام دادند و به‌منظور اعمال اضافه بار مدت زمان شنا در هر هفته پنج دقیقه اضافه شد. به‌منظور حفظ سازگاری‌های حاصل از فعالیت، مدت زمان فعالیت شنا در هفته‌های پنجم و ششم ثابت و 30 دقیقه در نظر گرفته شد. پس از پایان پروتکل تمرینی و انجام آزمون‌های روتارود و شاتل باکس به‌منظور بررسی حافظه و تعادل، بافت هیپوکمپ استخراج و مقادیر پروتئین‌های PLP و MBP با استفاده از روش وسترن بلات و مقدار پروتئین NGF با استفاده از روش الایزا اندازه‌گیری شد. داده‌ها به‌وسیلة آزمون آنوای یکراهه و سپس آزمون تعقیبی توکی در سطح معناداری کوچک‌تر از 05/0بررسی شد.
نتایج: نتایج آزمون‌های شاتل باکس و روتارود نشان داد که عملکرد حافظه و حفظ تعادل در گروه بیمار دچار اختلال‌شده و متعاقب یک دوره فعالیت شنا بهبود چشمگیری یافت (001/0P<). همچنین تفاوت معناداری در نتایج آزمون‌های شاتل باکس و روتارود در گروه‌های سالم تمرین و کنترل سالم مشاهده نشد (05/0P>). نتایج نشان داد که محتوای پروتئین‌های NGF، PLP و MBP در گروه کنترل بیمار به‌صورت معنا‌دار نسبت به گروه کنترل سالم کاهش یافت (05/0P<)، همچنین مقادیر این پروتئین‌ها در گروه تمرین بیمار نسبت به گروه کنترل بیمار به‌صورت شایان توجهی افزایش نشان داد (05/0P<). نتایج نشان داد که در محتوای پروتئین‌های NGF و PLP تفاوت معناداری بین گروه‌های سالم تمرین و کنترل سالم وجود دارد (05/0P<)، درحالی‌که در محتوای پروتئین MBP تفاوت معنا‌داری بین گروه‌های سالم تمرین و کنترل سالم وجود ندارد (05/0P>).
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر احتمالاً می‌توان گفت که فعالیت ورزشی از نوع شنا با ایجاد سازگاری‌های مولکولی، تأثیرات ضدالتهابی و محافظت‌کنندة عصبی قابل توجهی دارد و می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک روش ایمن، غیردارویی و بدون عارضه برای بهبود علائم مبتلایان به MS در نظر گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of six weeks of swimming exercise on the levels of proteins associated with the myelination of hippocampal tissue in Wistar rats with multiple sclerosis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Rami
  • Samaneh Rahdar
  • Sayed Shafa Marashi
  • Abdolhamid Habibi
Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, autoimmune, and multi-factorial disease that substantially reduces patients’ quality of life. Since physical activity may offer anti-inflammatory and axonal protection benefits to these patients, this study aimed to explore the impact of swimming training on the proteins critical for the myelination of hippocampal tissue in cuprizone-induced rat’s model of MS.
Materials and Methods: In the current investigation, 20 male Wistar rats with an average age of 12 weeks and the weight of 230 g were purchased and divided randomly into four groups: healthy control, MS control, healthy training, and MS training. The MS disease model was induced by administering food containing 0.5% cuprizone for 12 weeks. Upon confirming MS induction through the rotarod test, rats underwent a six-week swimming protocol. In the first week, they performed 10 min swimming without applying loads, and thereafter the duration of swimming was added by 5 min every week. In order to maintain the adaptations the duration of the swimming for the fifth and sixth weeks was constant and was kept at 30 min. At the end of the training protocol, memory and balance were assessed via shuttle box and rotarod tests. Subsequently, the hippocampal tissue was extracted, and analyzed for determining the proteolipid protein (PLP) and Myelin basic protein (MBP) protein levels by using western blot and the amount of Nerve growth factor (NGF) protein was measured by using the ELISA method. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc comparisons were made by using Tukey's test at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The findings of the shuttle box and rotarod tests revealed that the MS group had impaired memory function and balance maintenance, but these improved significantly after swimming training (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the results of the shuttle box and rotarod tests between healthy training and healthy control groups (p>0.05). The results of the present study showed that NGF, PLP and MBP proteins in the patient control group were significantly lower compared to the healthy control group (p<0.05). Furthermore, data analyses showed that the amounts of these proteins increased significantly in the MS training group compared to the MS control group (p<0.05). The results showed that there was a significant difference for NGF and PLP proteins between healthy training group and healthy control group (p<0.05), whereas, no significant differences in MBP protein levels were found between the healthy training and healthy control groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the current research findings, it can be concluded that swimming exercise has notable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects through favourable molecular adaptations, and it can probably be considered as a safe, non-pharmacological and complication-free method to improve the symptoms in MS patients.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Swimming exercise
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Inflammatory disease
  • Molecular adaptation
  • Myelination

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 اسفند 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 اسفند 1402
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 13 فروردین 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اردیبهشت 1403

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