تأثیر تمرین شنای تناوبی شدید بر بیان ژن GDNF و RET در بافت هیپوکامپ موش‌های صحرایی پارکینسونی‌شده با رزرپین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم ورزشی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

2 گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: بیماری پارکینسون، اختلال عصبی پیشرونده است که در آن از دست دادن نورون‌های دوپامین در جسم سیاه و کاهش دوپامین در جسم مخطط سبب دامنة گسترده‌ای از نشانه‌های حرکتی و غیرحرکتی می‌شود. عامل نروتروفیک مشتق از سلول‌های گلیال (GDNF)، یکی از مهم‌ترین نروتروفین‌هاست که از طریق گیرندة تیروزین کیناز RET (Rearranged during transfection) اثر ترمیمی خود را بر نورون‌های دوپامینرژیک در بیماری‌هایی همچون پارکینسون می‌گذارد. اثر فعالیت‌های ورزشی بر بیان ژن این دو پروتئین به‌درستی روشن نیست. ازاین‌رو هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر یک دوره تمرین شنای تناوبی شدید بر بیان ژن GDNF و RET در بافت هیپوکامپ موش‌های صحرایی مبتلا به پارکینسون بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش تجربی و بنیادی، 21 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار هشت تا ده‌هفته‌ای با میانگین وزنی 200 تا 250 گرم از مرکز پرورش حیوانات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیراز تهیه و در آزمایشگاه حیوانی این دانشگاه نگهداری شدند. 14 سر موش با تزریق یک میلی‌گرم رزرپین به ازای هر کیلو وزن بدن و طی پنج روز به بیماری پارکینسون مبتلا شدند. سپس به‌طور تصادفی در دو گروه تمرین و بیمار قرار گرفتند. موش‌های گروه تمرین به مدت شش هفته در چارچوب 20 نوبت 30 ثانیه‌ای با 30 ثانیه استراحت بین هر نوبت شنا کردند. هفت سر موش نیز بدون هرگونه مداخله به‌عنوان گروه کنترل سالم در نظر گرفته شدند. 48 ساعت پس از جلسة پایانی تمرین، بیان ژن GDNF و RET در بافت هیپوکامپ به روش Real Time-PCR اندازه‌گیری شد. از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یکراهه و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی برای بررسی داده‌ها استفاده شد. داده‌ها به کمک نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخة 22 و در سطح معناداری 05/0>P تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند.
نتایج: یافته‌ها نشان داد با القای بیماری پارکینسون، بیان ژن هیپوکامپی GDNF و RET در گروه بیمار نسبت به گروه سالم به‌طور معناداری کمتر بود (به‌ترتیب 001/0=P و 03/0=P). با اجرای شش هفته تمرین شنای تناوبی شدید، بیان ژن GDNF و RET در گروه تمرین نسبت به گروه بیمار به‌طور معنادار بیشتر بود (به‌ترتیب 009/0=P و 007/0=P)؛ اما تفاوتی در بیان ژن GDNF و RET بین گروه تمرین و گروه سالم دیده نشد (به‌ترتیب 6/0=P و 9/0=P).
نتیجه‎گیری: به‌طور کلی، گویا تمرین شنای تناوبی شدید می‌تواند با افزایش عامل نروتروفین GDNF و پیام‌های پایین‌دست یعنی RET در بقای نورون‌های دوپامینرژیک در بیماری پارکینسون مؤثر باشد. البته به‌دلیل برخی محدودیت‌ها، انجام پژوهش بیشتر به‌ویژه روی نمونه‌های انسانی نیاز است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of high intensity interval swimming training on Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and Rearranged during transfection (RET) gene expression in hippocampal tissue in rats with reserpine induced-Parkinson's disease

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Abdolahi 1
  • Mehrzad Moghadasi 1
  • Mohammdamin Edalatmanesh 2
  • Sara Hojati 1
1 Department of Sports Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder, where loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine depletion in the striatum cause characteristic motor and nonmotor symptoms. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is one of the most important neurotrophins that regenerates dopaminergic neurons by Rearranged during transfection (RET) receptor tyrosine kinase in Parkinson's disease. The effect of exercise on these proteins are not well known. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the effect of high intensity swimming training on GDNF and RET gene expression in hippocampal tissue in rats with Parkinson's disease.
Material and Methods: In this experimental and pure study, twenty-one male Wistar rats (age 8 to 10 weeks and weight 200-250 gr) were purchased from the Animal Breeding Center of Islamic Azad University, Shiraz branch and transferred to the animal laboratory of this university. Parkinson's disease was induced in fourteen rats by injection of 1 mg/kg reserpine during 5 days. Thereafter, they were randomly divided into Parkinson's disease group or Parkinson’s disease + training group. The rats in the training group performed 6 weeks of high intensity interval swimming including 20 repetitions of 30 seconds swimming followed by 30 seconds rest. Moreover, seven remaining rats received no intervention and were allocated into the healthy control group. GDNF and RET gene expressions were measured in hippocampus 48h after the last training session, using Real Time-PCR. Data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA test and Bonferoni’s post-hoc. Data were analyzed by using SPSS22 at the P<0.05.
Results: Data analyzes revealed that GDNF and RET gene expression were reduced after induction of Parkinson's disease compared to the healthy control group (P=0.001, P=0.03, respectively).After 6 weeks of training, GDNF and RET gene expressions were increased compared to the Parkinson's disease group (P=0.009, and P=0.007, respectively), whereas, no significant differences were observed between training group and healthy control group (P=0.6 and P=0.9. respectively).
Conclusion: In general, it seems that high-intensity interval swimming training used in this study could improve dopaminergic neuron survival in Parkinson's disease by increasing GDNF as a neurotrophine factor and subsequent signaling receptor tyrosine kinase RET. Since, the available data are scars in this field, future studies specially in human are needed.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • High-Intensity Interval Swimming Training
  • Parkinson's disease
  • GDNF
  • RET

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 دی 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 دی 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 03 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 بهمن 1402

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